Last update:
2018-10-03

Billion Tree Tsunami Afforestation Project, Pakistan

The government has targeted the forest area in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province for a major enhancement. Conflicts between state authorities and ethnic Gujjars have emerged over forest enclosures.



Description:

In the backdrop of the debates over accelerated deforestation, environmental degradation and climate change in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the province’s ruling party, the Pakistan’s Tehreek-e-Insaaf (PTI), started the Green Growth Initiative (GCI) in 2014. The initiative laid out a strategy for the greening of economic activities in Pakistan and included the Billion Tree Tsunami Project (BTTAP), the KPK National Parks project, and the Community Micro-Hydel project. This case focuses on the Billion Tree Tsunami Project, a project that proposes to plant 1 billion trees in the province. [1]

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Basic Data
Name of conflict:Billion Tree Tsunami Afforestation Project, Pakistan
Country:Pakistan
State or province:Khyber PakhtunKhwa
Location of conflict:Multiple cities
Accuracy of locationMEDIUM (Regional level)
Source of Conflict
Type of conflict. 1st level:Biomass and Land Conflicts (Forests, Agriculture, Fisheries and Livestock Management)
Type of conflict. 2nd level:Plantation conflicts (incl. Pulp
Land acquisition conflicts
Specific commodities:Land
Ecosystem Services
Project Details and Actors
Project details

The project has two major components.

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Project area:625,000
Level of Investment for the conflictive project47,809,167
Type of populationRural
Affected Population:unknown
Start of the conflict:01/03/2014
Relevant government actors:Govt. of KPK, Pakistan
Department of Forest, Wildlife and Environment
Conflict & Mobilization
IntensityLOW (some local organising)
Reaction stageIn REACTION to the implementation (during construction or operation)
Groups mobilizing:Indigenous groups or traditional communities
Landless peasants
Pastoralists
ethnic Gujjars
Forms of mobilization:Media based activism/alternative media
Property damage/arson
Impacts
Environmental ImpactsVisible: Other Environmental impacts
Other Environmental impactsAfforestation
Socio-economical ImpactsVisible: Increase in Corruption/Co-optation of different actors, Displacement, Loss of livelihood, Land dispossession
Outcome
Project StatusIn operation
Conflict outcome / response:Migration/displacement
Do you consider this an environmental justice success? Was environmental justice served?:No
Sources & Materials
References to published books, academic articles, movies or published documentaries

[4] Sultan-i-Rome, (2016). Land and forest governance in Swat. Lahore: Oxford university press.

[5] Ashraf, U. (2018). Political Ecology of afforestation in Pakistan. Ecología Política, 55 (1).
[click to view]

[1] The News on Sunday, 7 January 2018 "Shady trees". (accessed online 12.09.2018).
[click to view]

[2] BTTAP (2014). ‘Billion Tree Tsunami Afforestation Project’. Accessed online 10.09.2018
[click to view]

[3] Jamhoor Media 02 Feburaru 2018, “Marginalized by conservation”. (accessed 10.02.2017)
[click to view]

Meta information
Contributor:Usman Ashraf, alumnus ISS, The Hague. [email protected]
Last update18/08/2019
Conflict ID:3566
Comments
Legal notice / Aviso legal
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