This controversial forestry concession was granted to the private Korean company Think Biotech Co. Ltd in 2012 by the Cambodian Government with the aim to restore a ‘degraded’ forest at the edge of the biodiverse Prey Lang Forest. The concession was awarded within the context of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), signed in 2009, between Cambodia and South Korea. The objective of this MoU was to foster the cooperation in forest governance as well as investment into forestry projects in Cambodia to maintain and increase forest cover within the context of climate change concerns. The company, which is a subsidiary of the South Korean explosives and weapons producers Hanwha Corporation, started its operation in June, 2012 in Kampong Cham commune (Kratie province). Since then, vast tracks of lands have been cleared to establish a massive Acacia sp. monoculture tree plantation on their 34,000ha concession area [1,2,3,4]. The activities of the company have brought large impacts upon local land- and forest users and the environment. The company and the governmental forestry administration claim the land to be ‘degraded’ forest land. While this applies to some smaller areas of the 34,000ha concession, the larger parts of the ‘reforestation’ concession area are, surprisingly, covered by diverse natural forests, which the company is now clearcutting to set up an industrial monoculture. Therefore, the company is currently causing deforestation to set up the forestry plantation. The change from a diverse forest-agriculture landscape to an industrial tree plantation landscape comes with huge biodiversity costs, river pollution, loss of wildlife as well as with strong impacts on local communities of Kuy indigenous and Khmer. They have been living within the concession area for decades, practicing small-scale shifting and permanent agriculture [1,2,3,4]. The development of the plantation was characterized by a complete lack of consultation and many farmers only found out about the project when the company arrived with machinery to clear the forests located on the concessions area [1,3]. Many lost agricultural land to the company and with the clearcutting of natural forests, most local people have lost access to forest resources that are key to their livelihoods, such as resin trees, herbs, rattan, mushrooms, wildlife and the like. Some of their burial grounds and sacred forests have also been destroyed through the plantation development [1,2,3,4]. Organized protests first started in May, 2013 and involved several members of the Prey Lang Community Network (PLCN), a grassroots social movement that had emerged to protect the remaining Prey Lang forest. More than 100 people gathered and camped out in front of the provincial company office, however, at that time, the company refused to negotiate [5]. A few days later, more than 300 protesters seized two company trucks [6]. After some time, the protesters achieved that some agricultural and housing land, as well as community forests were respected and carved out from the plantation development. Some compensation payments were made. However, the impacts upon livelihoods continue to be strong because the diverse forest landscape, on which the livelihood of most locals depended, is replaced by an industrial acacia monoculture. If the project moves forward a total of 1,900 families, almost 6,000 ha of community forests, more than 4400 ha of rice fields and 10 ha of sacred forests and burial grounds would be affected [2]. In May 2017, fourteen community representatives travelled to Phnom Penh to petition the South Korean embassy to halt the expansion of this controversial reforestation concession. The embassy refused to receive their petition [7]. Since then, the company has continued to expand their tree plantation. The advocacy work of the PLCN and some of the community members to stop the concession development goes on.